by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 27, 2025
Principle and Working of Autoclave 1. Principle The autoclave works on the principle of moist heat sterilization using saturated steam under pressure. When pressure is applied to water, its boiling point increases. At 121 °C (15 psi / 1.05 kg/cm² above atmospheric...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 27, 2025
Purified Water Storage and Distribution System in Pharmaceuticals Purified water is a critical utility in pharmaceutical manufacturing, widely used in formulations, cleaning, rinsing, and as a raw material. A robust storage and distribution system ensures that water...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 18, 2025
Purpose of Process Validation in Pharmaceuticals Process validation is a documented evidence-based approach that ensures a manufacturing process, when operated within established parameters, can consistently produce pharmaceutical products meeting predetermined...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 18, 2025
Three Consecutive Batches for Validation in Pharmaceuticals In the pharmaceutical industry, process validation is a critical requirement to demonstrate that a manufacturing process consistently produces a product meeting predetermined quality attributes. Why three...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 18, 2025
Contamination Control Strategies for Manufacturing Area In pharmaceutical manufacturing, contamination control is critical to ensure product quality, patient safety, and regulatory compliance. Contamination can occur in the form of particulate, microbial, chemical, or...
