by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 8, 2025
1. What is Relative Response Factor (RRF)? Definition: The Relative Response Factor is the ratio of the detector response of an analyte to that of a reference standard (usually the active ingredient or an internal standard), under identical chromatographic conditions....
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 8, 2025
1. Principle of HPLC High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) works on the principle of separation by differential partitioning of sample components between a mobile phase (liquid) and a stationary phase (solid adsorbent material inside a column). Components with...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 8, 2025
Resolving API Impurity Issues in Drug Development 1. Understanding the Issue In drug development, impurities in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) can arise from: Starting materials or intermediates (process-related impurities) By-products from synthesis steps...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Aug 8, 2025
1. Principle of Gas Chromatography Gas Chromatography is based on the principle of partitioning of components between a mobile phase (inert carrier gas) and a stationary phase (solid or liquid supported on a solid). Mobile phase: An inert gas (e.g., helium, nitrogen,...
by Dr. Yashashwini Reddy | Jun 9, 2025
Importance of Validation in Pharmaceuticals Validation in the pharmaceutical industry is a documented process that proves that a system, equipment, method, or process consistently produces a result meeting predetermined quality standards. It is a fundamental part of...
