🌬️ Basics of HVAC System in Pharmaceuticals

📌 What is HVAC?

HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.
In pharmaceuticals, HVAC systems are critical to:

• Maintain controlled environment for manufacturing.

• Ensure product quality, safety, and regulatory compliance.

• Provide clean air, temperature, humidity, and pressure control to meet GMP & ISO standards.

📌 Key Functions of HVAC in Pharma

1. Temperature Control – Maintains suitable conditions for product & personnel.

2. Humidity Control – Prevents degradation (e.g., hygroscopic drugs) and microbial growth.

3. Air Cleanliness – Removes particulates & microorganisms using HEPA filters.

4. Airflow Direction & Pressure Differentials – Prevents cross-contamination between clean and less-clean areas.

5. Ventilation – Supplies fresh air and exhausts contaminated air.

⚙️ Major Components of HVAC System

1. Air Handling Unit (AHU)

   • Heart of HVAC.

   • Contains fans, filters, cooling & heating coils.

   • Supplies conditioned, filtered air to cleanrooms.

2. Filters

   • Pre-filters – Capture large particles.

   • Fine filters – Remove medium-sized particulates.

   • HEPA filters – Remove ≥99.97% of 0.3 µm particles, essential for sterile areas.

3. Ductwork & Dampers

   • Distributes air across rooms.

   • Dampers regulate airflow and maintain pressure differentials.

4. Cooling & Heating Coils

   • Maintain temperature (chilled water or steam systems).

5. Blowers / Fans

   • Drive airflow inside ducts and AHU.

6. Humidifiers & Dehumidifiers

   • Maintain required relative humidity.

7. Terminal HEPA Units / Laminar Air Flow (LAF)

   • Final stage air cleaning at critical points (filling, sampling, weighing).

8. Sensors & Monitoring System (BMS/EMS)

   • Continuously monitor temperature, RH, differential pressure, and particle counts.

📊 Classification (per ISO 14644 & GMP)

• Class 100 / ISO 5 – Aseptic filling zones.

• Class 10,000 / ISO 7 – Support clean areas.

• Class 100,000 / ISO 8 – Less critical areas like change rooms, corridors.

🎓 Discover one of the best Complete Pharmaceutical Production Course available —click below to explore the course that’s shaping future Production Course  skills.

https://trcjw.on-app.in/app/oc/338669/trcjw